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Undoing (psychology)
Undoing is a defense mechanism in which a person tries to 'undo' an unhealthy, destructive or otherwise threatening thought or action by engaging in contrary behavior. For example, after thinking about being violent with someone, one would then be overly nice or accommodating to them. It is one of several defense mechanisms proposed by the founder of psychoanalysis Sigmund Freud during his career, many of which were later developed further by his daughter Anna Freud. The German term "''Ungeschehenmachen''" was first used to describe this defense mechanism. When translated, it literally means ''"making un-happen,”'' which is essentially the core of “undoing.” Undoing refers to the phenomenon whereby a person tries to alter the past in some way to avoid or feign disappearance of an adversity or mishap. (Laplanche and Pontalis, 1973)〔Laplanche, J. and Pontalis, J-B. (1973), ''The language of psycho-analysis'' (D. Nicholson-Smith, Trans). New York: Norton.〕
==Freud's development of the concept==
Freud first described the practice of undoing in his 1909 "Notes upon a Case of Obsessional Neurosis". Here he recounted how his patient (the "Rat Man") first removed a stone from the road in case his lady's carriage should overturn upon it, and thereafter 'felt ''obliged'' to go back and replace the stone in its original position in the middle of the road'.〔Sigmund Freud, ''Case Studies II'' (London 1991) p. 70〕 Freud argued that his 'undoing this deed of love by replacing the stone where...her carriage might come to grief against it...was determined by a motive contrary to that which produced the first part'〔Freud, ''Studies'' p. 72〕 by hate, not love.
It was two decades later in 1926 that he formalised the ego defense as' ''undoing what has been done''....it is, as it were, negative magic, and endeavours, by means of motor symbolism, to ''blow away'' not merely the ''consequences'' of some event (or experience or impression) but the event itself'.〔Sigmund Freud, ''On Psychopathology'' (Middlesex 1987) p. 275〕 Freud then went on to use '"undoing" what has been done...() good enough grounds for re-introducing the old concept of ''defence'', which can cover all these processes that have the same purpose—namely the protection of the ego against instinctual demands'〔Freud, ''Psychopathology'' p. 324〕—one of the major technical advances of his later years.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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